GUIDE TO CATHOLIC RECORDS ABOUT NATIVE AMERICANS IN THE U.S.
Volume 4: Outside United States
Quebec: QC-6
Jesuites. Province du Canada. Archives
Jesuits. Province of Canada. Archives
25 rue Jarry ouest
Montréal, QC H2P 1S6 Canada
Phone: 514-387-2541, extension 318
Email: archives@jesuites.org
Hours: See website (Visiting the Archive)
Access: See website
Copying facilities: Yes
The Jesuits (a.k.a. Society of Jesus), founded by St. Ignatius of Loyola (Spain), 1540, self-identify with the post-nominal initials, “S.J.” In North America, French Jesuits evangelized Native Americans, 1609-1773 (suppressed). During that era, the following were the notable Jesuit Native missions in the present-day United States.
|
1656-1708 (abandoned) |
Mission Sainte Marie among the Iroquois (Onondaga), present-day New York |
|
1667-1765 (attended intermittently) |
St. Francis Xavier Mission (Menominee, Métis), Fort La Baye, present-day Green Bay, Wisconsin |
|
1668-1773 (attended intermittently) |
St. Mary Mission (Ojibwa, Ottawa), Sault Sainte Marie, present-day Michigan |
|
1671-1773 (attended intermittently) |
St. Ignace Mission (Ojibwa, Ottawa), St. Ignace, present-day Michigan |
|
1673-1773 (attended intermittently) |
Mission, La Pointe (Ojibwa), present-day Wisconsin |
|
1701-1773 (attended intermittently) |
Sainte Anne Church (Métis, Wyandot), Detroit/ Fort St. Joseph, present-day Michigan |
|
1703-1773 (attended intermittently) |
Illinois Mission (Illinois), Fort de Chartres, present-day Illinois |
|
1752-1773 (intermittent residency) |
St. Francis Regis Mission (Mohawk), St. Regis [Akwesasne], Quebec-New York |
After reestablishing themselves during the 19th century, the Canadian Jesuit Province was established in 1907 and divided into the two provinces, the English-speaking Upper Canada Province and the French-speaking French-Canadian Province, 1939. The Canadian Jesuits administered the following Catholic missions among Native Americans in the United States:
|
1846-1914 |
Holy Name of Mary Church and School (Ojibwa), Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan |
|
1848-1849 (moved to Fort William, Ontario, Canada) |
Immaculate Conception Mission (Ojibwa), Pigeon River, Minnesota
|
|
1849-1856, 1858-1907 |
St. Francis Xavier Mission (Ojibwa), Grand Marais, Minnesota |
|
1849-1856, 1858-1907 |
Holy Rosary Mission (Ojibwa), Grand Portage, Minnesota |
|
1880-unknown |
Our Savior, Friend of Children Mission (Ojibwa), Sugar Island, Michigan |
|
1880-1894 |
St. Joseph Mission (Ojibwa), Sugar Island, Michigan |
|
1909-1912 (transferred to California Province) |
Alaska Mission (Eskimo, Ingalik, Koyukon, Tlingit), Alaska |
|
1939-1970s |
Rev. Michael Karhaienton Jacobs (Mohawk) (1902-1988), S.J. [French-Canadian Province], and succeeding Jesuits (French-Canadian, Canadian, and Northeast U.S. Provinces), administered St. Regis Mission (Mohawk), St. Regis [Akwesasne], St. Regis Reserve/ Reservation, Quebec-New York |
Holding of Catholic records about Native Americans in the United States: The Canadian Jesuit Archives, the French National Archives, and the French National Library hold substantial records of French-Canadian Jesuits and their evangelization of Native Americans in the present-day United States. From these records, Jesuit superiors compiled, edited, and published the Jesuit Relations or Relations des Jésuites de la Nouvelle-France, 1632-1763, as annual reports to benefactors and the public, which Reuben Gold Twaites translated into English, cross-referenced, and republished as The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents: Travels and Explorations of the Jesuit Missionaries in New France, 1610-1791, Cleveland: Burrows Bros. Co., 1896-1901. Holdings regarding subsequent Canadian evangelization of Native Americans in the United States are unknown.
Unless otherwise noted, the repository on this page holds (or held) the records described here and they are not held at the Marquette University Archives.
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