Dates |
Events |
1656-1680 |
Kateri Tekakwitha (Mohawk-Algonquin, 1656-1680) lived a holy life in the Mohawk Nation of New York and later in Quebec, Canada. Soon after her death, devotions were initiated by local Indian and non-Indian Catholics who had known her. In 1676 she was baptized Catherine after St. Catherine of Siena, also a mystic. The next year, three Mohawk catechists from La Prairie (Quebec) visited the Mohawk Nation and took Kateri with them on their return home. In Canada, her feast day became the anniversary of her death (April 17) whereas in the United States, it became the anniversary of her flight to Canada (July 14). |
1884 |
At the Third Plenary Council at Baltimore, the U.S. bishops signed the postulation brief to introduce the canonization causes to Rome for the Jesuit martyrs and St. Kateri Tekakwitha. |
1885 |
Signatures supporting St. Kateri's cause: From January to April in Canada and the United States, 906 native people supported her canonization cause by signing letters of endorsement. The signers included Charles F. Finkbonner (Lummi ancestor of Jake Finkbonner), the holy man Black Elk (Oglala; baptized 1904), and over 150 Lakota people from present-day North and South Dakota. These letters were added to the postulation brief, which the Vatican published with signatures in 1916. |
1891-1900 |
Congregation of American Sisters: Under the leadership of Mother M. Catherine Sacred White Buffalo (Hunkpapa) and Rev. Francis M. Craft (Mohawk), several Hunkpapa women from the Standing Rock Reservation founded a religious community inspired by Blessed Kateri. Their community grew to 12 and served the Fort Berthold Reservation, North Dakota. During the Spanish-American War, four of the American Sisters served as nurses in the U.S. Army in Cuba and reportedly they were the first American Indian women to serve officially in the Armed Forces of the United States. |
1930 |
Pope Pius XII canonized the Jesuit martyrs. |
1931 |
St. Kateri's cause reintroduced: Since the Congregation of Rites had separated St. Kateri's cause from that of the Jesuit martyrs, her caused was reintroduced and a postulator was appointed. Thereafter, Native Catholic awareness grew through publications, sodalities, and school plays. |
1939 |
1st Annual Meeting, Fargo, North Dakota: October 4-5. Highlights: 27 clergy and three lay Native Catholics attended from Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota at the invitation of Bishop Aloysius Muench. Purpose of conference, native language usage, and Catholic schools. Thereafter they agreed to meet annually. Until 1976, these meetings served as exchanges of pastoral thoughts among missionaries. |
1940 |
2nd Annual Meeting, Jamestown, North Dakota: Knights of Columbus Hall, October 15-16. Highlights: Attendees named the Conference in honor of Catherine (Kateri) Tekakwitha and discussed Catholic schools, church census taking, and Catholic life on reservations. |
1941 |
3rd Annual Meeting, Chamberlain, South Dakota: St. Joseph's School, October 6-8. Highlights: Attendees discussed Catholic schools and alcoholism. |
1942 |
4th Annual Meeting: [October 5-7?]. |
1943 |
5th Annual Meeting: [October 4-6?]. |
|
Pope Pius XII declared Kateri Tekakwitha "Servant of God" the first of three steps towards canonization as a saint. |
1944 |
6th Annual Meeting: [October 9-11?]. |
1945 |
No Meeting |
1946 |
7th Annual Meeting, Stephan, South Dakota: Immaculate Conception Mission, October 7-9. Highlights: Attendees discussed Catholic schools, Native vocations, and Catholic life on reservations. |
1947 |
8th Annual Meeting, St. Michael, North Dakota: St. Michael's Mission, October 6-7. Highlights: 50 people attended who discussed Catholic schools and Catholic life on reservations. Portrait in photography series. |
1948 |
9th Annual Meeting, Marty, South Dakota: St. Paul's Mission, October 4-6. Highlights: Catholic life on reservations and movement of families to off-reservation towns. |
1949 |
10th Annual Meeting, Belcourt, North Dakota: St. Anne's Mission, October 10-12. Highlights: Catholic schools, Catholic life on reservations, and cooperation with the United States government. |
1950 |
11th Annual Meeting, Stephan, South Dakota: October 10-11. Highlights: Catholic schools and Catholic life on reservations. |
1951 |
12th Annual Meeting: [October 8-10?]. |
1952 |
13th Annual Meeting: [October 6-8?]. |
1953 |
14th Annual Meeting: [October 5-7?]. |
1954 |
15th Annual Meeting, Stephan, South Dakota: [October 4-6?]. |
1955 |
16th Annual Meeting, Marvin, South Dakota: Blue Cloud Abbey, [October 10-12?]. |
1956 |
17th Annual Meeting, Chamberlain, South Dakota: St. Joseph's School, October 8-10. Theme: Social Order and the Indian. Highlights: Guest speakers: Dr. Ben Reifel (Brulé) and Robert Bennett, both of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. |
1957 |
18th Annual Meeting, Rapid City, South Dakota: Mother Butler Center, September 23-25. Highlights: 38 people attended who discussed Catholic schools, youth and urban adjustment with reports from Los Angeles, Rapid City, Salt Lake City, and elsewhere. Portrait in photography series. |
1958 |
19th Annual Meeting, Stephan, South Dakota: Immaculate Conception School, September 22-24. Highlights: Discussed Catholic schools, youth and adjustment to off-reservation life with reports from Los Angeles, Rapid City, Milwaukee, and elsewhere. |
1959 |
20th Annual Meeting: [September 22-24?]. |
1960 |
21st Annual Meeting: [September 19-21?]. |
1961 |
22nd Annual Meeting, Pine Ridge, South Dakota: Holy Rosary Mission, [September 18-20?]. |
1962 |
23rd Annual Meeting, St. Michael, North Dakota: St. Michael's Mission, August 7-9. Theme: Indian Pastoral Conference. Highlights: 17 people attended with discussions on the Sioux for Christ radio program. Portrait in photography series. |
1963 |
24th Annual Meeting, Richardson, North Dakota: Assumption Abbey, August 6-8. Highlights: 17 people attended (included three Canadians) who discussed Catholic schools and Catholic life on reservations and off-reservation relocation. The Conference established an international liaison and considered but refused to admit religious sisters as members. The secretary, Reverend Patrick Moore, O.S.B. and his successors, began to compile the Conference archival records, which were then kept at St. Paul's Mission, Marty, South Dakota. Portrait in photography series. |
1964 |
25th Annual Meeting, Chamberlain, South Dakota: St. Joseph's School, August 10-13. Highlights: 39 people attended (from 14 states) who discussed Catechetics and liturgy on the reservation and at reservation schools. Portrait in Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions Records and online in Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions Digital Image Collection. |
1965 |
26th Annual Meeting, Marvin, South Dakota: Blue Cloud Abbey, August 9-11. Theme: What is the Goal of the Present Day Indian Mission? Highlights: The attendees began to include Native men, such as Rev. John J. Brown, S.J. (Silksika [Blackfeet]) discussed the mission of Church, contemporary Native culture and the sacred pipe. |
1966 |
27th Annual Meeting, Ashland, Montana: St. Labre Mission, August 8-10. Highlights: Attendees discussed the mission of church, Native vocations, contemporary Native culture, the sacred pipe. |
1967 |
28th Annual Meeting, St. Norbert, Manitoba, Canada: Villa Marie Retreat House, August 7-9, the first meeting in Canada. Highlights: Attendees (including Canadian scholars) discussed the mission of Church, effective evangelization, liturgical adaptation with the sacred pipe and problems of alcoholism. This was the first meeting held in Canada and the first to involve Canadian scholars and missionaries. Native Catholics on some reservations now held Junior Tekakwitha Conference meetings. |
1968 |
29th Annual Meeting, Marvin, South Dakota: Blue Cloud Abbey, August 9-11. Mr. John Williams (Dakota?) served as lay director of the conference. |
1969 |
30th Annual Meeting, Marvin, South Dakota: Blue Cloud Abbey, August 4-6. Theme: The New Indian Generation. Highlights: Discussions led by Br. Edward M. Red Owl, O.S.B., focused on "Red power" and the Tekakwitha Conference reorganized with an Executive Secretary as its principal office. Br. Edward Red Owl served that year and distributed the Conference's first newsletter. |
1970 |
31st Annual Meeting, Marvin, South Dakota: Blue Cloud Abbey, August 10-12. Highlights: Attendees discussed liturgical adaptation and the Native diaconate. |
1971 |
32nd Annual Meeting, Pine Ridge, South Dakota: Holy Rosary Mission, August 9-11. Theme: Present-Day Thrust of Indian People for Self-Determination. Highlights: Birgil Kills Straight (glala) served as keynote speaker with attendees discussing Native diaconate and conversion of mission schools to lay control. |
|
Association of Native Religious and Clergy (ANRC) established, which is comprised of Native American Catholic clergy and religious from the United States and Canada. Since 1979, its annual gathering has been held nearby and just prior to the annual meeting of the Tekakwitha Conference. It is not incorporated. Many ANRC members have been active in both organizations. |
1972 |
33rd Annual Meeting, Duluth, Minnesota: August 6-8. Theme: Indian Ministry through Parish Councils. |
1973 |
34th Annual Meeting, Chamberlain, South Dakota: St. Joseph's School, August 6-8. Highlights: Rev. Ignatius M. Roppolo and Rev. Alvin A. Schexnaildre, both from the Archdiocese of New Orleans, served as keynote speakers, re: team ministry and its effectiveness in serving minority peoples with attendees discussing Native urban and youth ministry. |
1974 |
35th Annual Meeting, Ashland, Montana: St. Labre Mission, [August 5-7?]. |
1975 |
36th Annual Meeting: [August 4-6?]. |
1976 |
37th Annual Meeting, Watertown, South Dakota: [August 9-11?]. |
1977 |
38th Annual Meeting, Rapid City, South Dakota: August [8-11?]. Theme: Re-evaluation of purpose. |
|
Monsignor Paul A. Lenz, secretary of the Commission for Catholic Missions Among the Colored People and the Indians (and director of the Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions), promised financial support for further development of the conference. |
1978 |
39th Annual Meeting, Rapid City, South Dakota: St. Martin's Academy, August 7-10. Theme: Toward a Better Understanding of the Present and Future Direction of the Catholic Church with Native American Tribes. Highlights: 220 people attended with Sr. M. Jose Hobday, S.S.S.F. (Seneca), Rupert Costo, editor of Wassaja, and R. Pierce Beaver, historian of Protestant Indian missions, served as keynote speakers who presented provocative addresses. |
1979 |
40th Annual Meeting, Yankton, South Dakota: Mount Marty College, August 6-9. Theme: Action Workshop. Highlights: ca. 200 people attended (included 66 Native Catholics). The Native Catholics challenged the clergy to listen to their concerns. In response, the Conference suspended its agenda and under the leadership of Harold Condon, Sr. M. Jose Hobday, S.S.S.F., and Bea Swanson, the “Circle of 66” met with Monsignor Paul A. Lenz (Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions), Bishop Harold J. Dimmerling (Rapid City, South Dakota), Bishop Thomas Murphy (Great Falls, Montana), and Bishop William G. Connare (Greensburg, Pennsylvania) (Chair, U.S. Catholic Conference Mission Committee) to articulate their concerns, re: Catholic Church’s insensitivity to indigenous people in the United States and their heritage. |
|
The Tekakwitha Conference incorporated with a board of directors, the National Conference of Catholic Bishops appointed an Episcopal Moderator, and it became listed in The Official Catholic Directory. |
1980 |
41st Annual Meeting, Denver, Colorado: Loretto Heights College, August 4-7. Theme: Celebrating the Beatification and 300th Anniversary of Kateri Tekekwitha's Death. Highlights: 600 people attended, including 475 Native Americans who comprised a majority for the first time. |
|
The Tekakwitha Conference established a National Center, first in Bozeman, Montana and later in Great Falls, Montana. With encouragement from the National Center, members began to organize local affinity groups, which became known as "Kateri Circles." |
|
Pope John Paul II declared Kateri Tekakwitha to be "Blessed," the second of three steps toward canonization (formal recognition) as a saint. |
1981 |
42nd Annual Meeting, Albuquerque, New Mexico: August 3-7. Theme: Emerging Catholic Native American and Eskimo Church. Highlights: Pilgrimage to Santo Domingo Pueblo with liturgy by Archbishop Robert Sanchez and ceremonies by the Squash and Turquoise Moieties, August 4; and deacon communion service, August 5, which included liturgy with a Laguna eagle dance. |
1982 |
43rd Annual Meeting, Spokane, Washington: Gonzaga University, August 9-13. Theme: A Spiritual Journey, A Healing Dialogue Between Native and Catholic Ways. Highlights: Archbishop Pio Laghi, U.S. Papal Nuncio, apologized to Native Americans for the wrongs caused by the Catholic Church’s evangelization. In addition to workshops at the annual meetings, the National Center began offering institutes and workshops at other times and places. Membership beyond the United States expanded significantly, principally into Canada. other times and places. Membership beyond the United States expanded significantly, principally into Canada. |
1983 |
44th Annual Meeting, Collegeville, Minnesota: St. John's University and College of St. Benedict, August 10-14. Theme: Living in Our Creator's Love and Truth, A Healing--within ourselves, with one another, with Mother Earth, and with all creation. |
|
Primarily to provide better representation for the now expanded national membership, the board of directors expanded from three to nine members. It included seven at-large members elected by the general membership and two board-appointed ex-officio members, the executive directors of the Tekakwitha Conference and the Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions. |
1984 |
45th Annual Meeting, Phoenix, Arizona: August 1-5. Theme: A Journey of Hope, Dancing and Singing in the Desert. Highlights: Opening ceremonies, August 1; The Lord's Prayer in Plains Indian sign language by youth group of St. Catherine's High School, Santa Fe, August 1 and 2; Kateri Song by Joseph W. Thomas and family (Pima), August 1; liturgy by Reverend Edmund Savilla (Isleta, Oneida, Quechan), August 2; Indian anthem in Plains Indian sign language by youth group of St. Catherine's High School, Santa Fe, and healing prayer service [with pipe ceremony?] by Rev. John S. Hascall, O.F.M. Cap., August 2; sunrise prayer service by Rev. Diego Mazon, O.F.M., August 3; liturgy [with pipe ceremony?] by Rev. John S. Hascall, O.F.M. Cap., and powwow and chicken scratch dance, August 4; and liturgy by Reverend Donald E. Pelotte, S.S.S., August 5. [Included liturgy with eagle dance (Laguna).] |
1985 |
46th Annual Meeting, Syracuse, New York: LeMoyne College, August 7-11. Theme: A Sacred Journey: Walking in the Footsteps of Blessed Kateri. Highlights: Opening ceremonies, Kateri Song, St. Lucy's Parish, Syracuse, keynote address by Sister M. Jose Hobday, S.S.S.F., and healing prayer service, August 7; tours of National Tekakwitha Shrine, Fonda, with prayer drama, "The Life of Blessed Kateri Tekakwitha," by Sarah Hassenplug (Mohawk), and Jesuit Martyrs Shrine, Auriesville with liturgy honoring Blessed Kateri and candlelight rosary procession in various languages, August 8; and tour of St. Regis Reserve, Kahnawaké, Quebec, with liturgies honoring Blessed Kateri by Rev. Georges Mathieu and Rev. Collins P. Jordan, August 9; morning prayer and round dance by Mescalero Apache, deacon communion service, native fashion show, and powwow; and sunrise liturgy by Rev. John S. Hascall, O.F.M. Cap., August 11. At nearby Auriesville, New York, Archbishop Pio Laghi prayed with the sacred pipe during Mass. This was interpreted that not only were native rituals appropriate within church ceremonies, but that the church was now open to embracing native peoples and learning from them. |
1986 |
47th Annual Meeting, Bozeman, Montana: August 6-10. Theme: Eagle Wings- Mountain Peaks, Celebrating Faith and Unity. Highlights: Opening ceremonies with pipe ceremony by Burton Pretty on Top, keynote address by Rev. John S. Hascall, O.F.M. Cap., and prayer to Blessed Kateri in Plains Indian sign language by Delma Heavy Runner (Siksika [Blackfeet]) and Freda Heavy Runner (Siksika [Blackfeet]), August 6; deacon communion service and healing prayer service, August 7; sunrise liturgy [with pipe ceremony?] by Rev. John S. Hascall, O.F.M. Cap., and youth liturgy by Rev. Edmund Savilla, August 8; powwow, August 9; and morning prayers with sweet grass blessing in Salish [Flathead], drama of Jesuits coming to Bitteroot Valley, and Salish hymns, August 10. |
|
At the invitation of Pope John Paul II, Burton Pretty on Top and Rev. Gil Hemaeuer, O.F.M. Cap., as Tekakwitha Conference representatives, participated in the World Day of Prayer for Peace, October 27, Assisi, Italy. |